{"id":6,"date":"2023-10-16T12:10:28","date_gmt":"2023-10-16T10:10:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/?page_id=6"},"modified":"2024-01-25T11:10:37","modified_gmt":"2024-01-25T10:10:37","slug":"icemap","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/","title":{"rendered":"Icemap"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-vimeo wp-block-embed-vimeo wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Ice age\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/259845448?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture; clipboard-write\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\">ICE AGE<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>A giant ice sheet covered northern Europe during prehistoric times. In this <em>Icemap<\/em> story, we show you how this powerful mass of ice dramatically transformed Europe at a time when humans first came to populate the continent.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Interact with the ice age simulation, follow how the ice sheet grew and melted, and see how it affected our buddy Lenny Lemming* as he travels through thousands of years of climate change.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\"><strong><em>* Norwegian lemming&nbsp;(Lemmus lemmus) is a common species of&nbsp;lemming&nbsp;found in northern&nbsp;Fennoscandia. It is the only vertebrate species&nbsp;endemic&nbsp;to the region. According to genetic research, the Norwegian lemming survived past glaciations in western Europe, inhabiting various&nbsp;small refuges which were not covered by ice.&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:47px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\" id=\"lenny\">LENNY&#8217;S JOURNEY<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"739\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/00eng-snap_lenny-e1517902892601-1024x739.jpg\" alt=\"Hi there. My name is Lenny. Follow me on my journey through the last ice age! :)\" class=\"wp-image-9\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/00eng-snap_lenny-e1517902892601-1024x739.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/00eng-snap_lenny-e1517902892601-300x217.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/00eng-snap_lenny-e1517902892601-768x554.jpg 768w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/00eng-snap_lenny-e1517902892601-1536x1109.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/00eng-snap_lenny-e1517902892601.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00527e;color:#00527e\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:31px\"><strong>37,000 years ago<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:17px\"><span>At the beginning of the last ice age, our ancestors did not yet live in Northern Europe. But the Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis) did. They hunted woolly mammoths by driving them off cliffs.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large has-custom-border\"><a href=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/01x-mammuts_uten_tekst.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"739\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/01x-mammuts_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg\" alt=\"Lemmy looks in shock as humans push woolly mammoths off a cliff\" class=\"wp-image-10\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/01x-mammuts_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/01x-mammuts_uten_tekst-300x217.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/01x-mammuts_uten_tekst-768x554.jpg 768w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/01x-mammuts_uten_tekst-1536x1109.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/01x-mammuts_uten_tekst.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00527e;color:#00527e\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:31px\"><strong>35,<\/strong>0<strong>00 years ago<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:17px\">As the climate cooled, a number of small, independent ice sheets began to form. An ice sheet is a large mass of ice that builds up with increased snow over mountains and then flows outwards. These ice sheets formed across Britain, Scandinavia, Iceland and one in the far north across the Barents Sea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/lenny-logo-low.jpg\" alt=\"Closeup of Lemmy raising his left hand\" class=\"wp-image-34\" width=\"180\" height=\"113\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large has-custom-border\"><a href=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/02xb-map.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"596\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/02xb-map-1024x596.jpg\" alt=\"A map showing ice sheets beginning to grow over Britain, Scandinavia, Iceland and Svalbard.\" class=\"wp-image-31\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/02xb-map-1024x596.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/02xb-map-300x175.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/02xb-map-768x447.jpg 768w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/02xb-map-1536x894.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/02xb-map.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00527e;color:#00527e\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:31px\"><strong>32,000 years ago<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:17px\">Modern humans (<em>Homo sapiens sapiens<\/em>) established themselves in Southern Europe. At the same time, Neanderthals mysteriously disappeared from the North. Many believe that the reason they went extinct is the sudden cooling of the climate, leading to fewer animals and plants to eat.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large has-custom-border\"><a href=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/03x-neandertalere_mennesker_uten_tekst.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"739\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/03x-neandertalere_mennesker_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg\" alt=\"A Neanderthal mother and child being forced to leave their cave home by Humans.\" class=\"wp-image-32\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/03x-neandertalere_mennesker_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/03x-neandertalere_mennesker_uten_tekst-300x217.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/03x-neandertalere_mennesker_uten_tekst-768x554.jpg 768w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/03x-neandertalere_mennesker_uten_tekst-1536x1109.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/03x-neandertalere_mennesker_uten_tekst.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00527e;color:#00527e\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:31px\"><strong>29,000 years ago<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:17px\">Many species began to die off because of climatic and environmental changes brought about by the ice age. The cave bear (<em>Ursus speleaus<\/em>) was one of these animals. It was much larger than today\u2019s grizzly bear, but unlike the polar bear, it was not well adapted to frozen conditions.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large has-custom-border\"><a href=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/04x-cave-bear_uten_tekst.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"739\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/04x-cave-bear_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg\" alt=\"Cave bears dying by falling icicles\" class=\"wp-image-35\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/04x-cave-bear_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/04x-cave-bear_uten_tekst-300x217.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/04x-cave-bear_uten_tekst-768x554.jpg 768w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/04x-cave-bear_uten_tekst-1536x1109.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/04x-cave-bear_uten_tekst.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00527e;color:#00527e\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:31px\"><strong>27,800 years ago<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:17px\">As more snow fell, the ice sheets grew steadily, locking up lots of frozen water like a reservoir. The storage of water as ice meant that there was less water in the oceans and global sea level was much lower than today. Coastlines expanded all across Europe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/lenny-logo-low.jpg\" alt=\"Closeup of Lemmy raising his left hand\" class=\"wp-image-34\" width=\"180\" height=\"113\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large has-custom-border\"><a href=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/05xb-map.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"596\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/05xb-map-1024x596.jpg\" alt=\"A map showing ice sheets covering the majority of Britain, Iceland, Scandinavia and the Barents Sea\" class=\"wp-image-36\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/05xb-map-1024x596.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/05xb-map-300x175.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/05xb-map-768x447.jpg 768w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/05xb-map-1536x894.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/05xb-map.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00527e;color:#00527e\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:31px\"><strong>25,000 years ago<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:17px\">The ice cover changed the landscape and climate patterns. The ice sheets stole all the moisture from the air to the west. This meant that areas further east, like Siberia, became a polar desert.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large has-custom-border\"><a href=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/06x-desert_uten_tekst.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"739\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/06x-desert_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg\" alt=\"A vulture overlooks skeletons of prehistoric animals\" class=\"wp-image-37\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/06x-desert_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/06x-desert_uten_tekst-300x217.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/06x-desert_uten_tekst-768x554.jpg 768w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/06x-desert_uten_tekst-1536x1109.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/06x-desert_uten_tekst.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00527e;color:#00527e\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:31px\"><strong>23,000 years ago<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:17px\">The three main ice sheets merged across northern Europe to form continuous ice cover stretching from the British Isles to Arctic Siberia. At the time of this glacial maximum, this immense ice sheet was over 3000 metres thick in places. For comparison, the mountain overlooking Troms\u00f8 \u2013 Tromsdalstinden, is just 1242 metres high.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large has-custom-border\"><a href=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/07x-under_isen_uten_tekst.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"739\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/07x-under_isen_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg\" alt=\"Troms\u00f8 bridge, ishavskatedralen and Tromsdalstinden encased in ice\" class=\"wp-image-38\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/07x-under_isen_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/07x-under_isen_uten_tekst-300x217.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/07x-under_isen_uten_tekst-768x554.jpg 768w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/07x-under_isen_uten_tekst-1536x1109.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/07x-under_isen_uten_tekst.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00527e;color:#00527e\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:31px\"><strong>22,700 years ago<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:17px\">When the ice age was at its peak, global sea levels were over 120 metres lower than today. At the same time, the heavy weight of the ice sheets also pressed down on the land and seabed (called glacial isostatic depression).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/lenny-logo-low.jpg\" alt=\"Closeup of Lemmy raising his left hand\" class=\"wp-image-34\" width=\"180\" height=\"113\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large has-custom-border\"><a href=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/b3c_2263-copy-e1519997710598.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"596\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/b3c_2263-copy-e1519997710598-1024x596.jpg\" alt=\"Map showing the maximum extent of the Eurasian ice sheet, connecting Britain, Scandinavia and the Barents Sea\" class=\"wp-image-40\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/b3c_2263-copy-e1519997710598-1024x596.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/b3c_2263-copy-e1519997710598-300x175.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/b3c_2263-copy-e1519997710598-768x447.jpg 768w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/b3c_2263-copy-e1519997710598-1536x894.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/b3c_2263-copy-e1519997710598.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00527e;color:#00527e\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:31px\"><strong>22,500 years ago<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:17px\">During the Last Glacial Maximum, it would have been possible to ski across this massive ice sheet continuously for over 4500 km: from the far Atlantic isles of western Britain to deepest Arctic Siberia.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large has-custom-border\"><a href=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/08x-mot_sibir_uten_tekst.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"739\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/08x-mot_sibir_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg\" alt=\"Prehistoric animals racing on skis towards a finish line in Siberia\" class=\"wp-image-41\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/08x-mot_sibir_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/08x-mot_sibir_uten_tekst-300x217.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/08x-mot_sibir_uten_tekst-768x554.jpg 768w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/08x-mot_sibir_uten_tekst-1536x1109.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/08x-mot_sibir_uten_tekst.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00527e;color:#00527e\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:31px\"><strong>19,000 years ago<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:17px\">The ice sheets began to retreat as the climate warmed. An enormous river system formed across Western Europe draining into the Atlantic through northern France: the Fleuve Manche. It drained many rivers including the present-day Vistula, Elbe, Rhine, Seine and Thames, as well as capturing melt from the shrinking ice sheets.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large has-custom-border\"><a href=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/10x-elva_uten_tekst.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"739\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/10x-elva_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg\" alt=\"Various animals escaping river floodwaters\" class=\"wp-image-44\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/10x-elva_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/10x-elva_uten_tekst-300x217.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/10x-elva_uten_tekst-768x554.jpg 768w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/10x-elva_uten_tekst-1536x1109.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/10x-elva_uten_tekst.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00527e;color:#00527e\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:31px\"><strong>18,000 years ago<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:17px\">Climate warming started to accelerate: as the ice sheet continued to retreat more of the suns energy was absorbed by the darker land surface. Animals began to migrate northwards and settle in new areas where the ice sheets once stood. Modern humans \u2013 hunters and gatherers \u2013 followed soon after.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/lenny-logo-low.jpg\" alt=\"Closeup of Lemmy raising his left hand\" class=\"wp-image-34\" width=\"180\" height=\"113\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large has-custom-border\"><a href=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/11xb-map.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"596\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/11xb-map-1024x596.jpg\" alt=\"Map showing ice sheets now disconnected over the North Sea, but remaining connected between the Barents Sea and Scandinavia\" class=\"wp-image-45\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/11xb-map-1024x596.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/11xb-map-300x175.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/11xb-map-768x447.jpg 768w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/11xb-map-1536x894.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/11xb-map.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00527e;color:#00527e\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:31px\"><strong>16,000 years ago<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:17px\">Due to lower sea levels, some of today\u2019s seabed became habitable \u2013 particularly an area in the North Sea known as Doggerland. Also, parts of the Irish Sea became a large forest. People lived there, hunting and foraging for shell fish, until these areas were eventually flooded under rising seas.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large has-custom-border\"><a href=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/12x-havbunn_uten_tekst.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"739\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/12x-havbunn_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg\" alt=\"A human sits by a campfire among dead sea animals on a former seabed.\" class=\"wp-image-48\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/12x-havbunn_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/12x-havbunn_uten_tekst-300x217.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/12x-havbunn_uten_tekst-768x554.jpg 768w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/12x-havbunn_uten_tekst-1536x1109.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/12x-havbunn_uten_tekst.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00527e;color:#00527e\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:31px\"><strong>15,000 years ago<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:17px\">As the sea became warmer, ocean currents started eating away at neighbouring parts of the ice sheet. Ice in these marine areas quickly retreated, often with dramatic consequences, calving vast armadas of icebergs and causing periods of rapid sea level rise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/lenny-logo-low.jpg\" alt=\"Closeup of Lemmy raising his left hand\" class=\"wp-image-34\" width=\"180\" height=\"113\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large has-custom-border\"><a href=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/13xb-map.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"596\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/13xb-map-1024x596.jpg\" alt=\"Map of the European ice sheets in retreat. The Barents Sea is now half-covered, though large amounts of ice still remain over Scandinavia.\" class=\"wp-image-49\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/13xb-map-1024x596.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/13xb-map-300x175.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/13xb-map-768x447.jpg 768w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/13xb-map-1536x894.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/13xb-map.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00527e;color:#00527e\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:31px\"><strong>12,000 years ago<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:17px\">In the Barents Sea hundreds of kilometre-wide craters formed on the ocean floor. The thick ice kept a lid on large reservoirs of a potent greenhouse gas \u2013 methane. But as the ice disappeared, enormous amounts of methane abruptly escaped, forming the craters.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large has-custom-border\"><a href=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/14x-methane_uten_tekst.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"739\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/14x-methane_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg\" alt=\"Lemmy presents a cartoon slideshow of how ice retreat leads to massive methane explosiions and crater formation.\" class=\"wp-image-50\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/14x-methane_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/14x-methane_uten_tekst-300x217.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/14x-methane_uten_tekst-768x554.jpg 768w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/14x-methane_uten_tekst-1536x1109.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/14x-methane_uten_tekst.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00527e;color:#00527e\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:31px\"><strong>11,600 years ago<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:17px\">As the ice melted, a large ice lake formed where the Baltic Sea is today. Eventually, the ice and land dam could not hold the water any more. It breached and flooded into the Atlantic Ocean. Eventually, the English Channel flooded too.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/lenny-logo-low.jpg\" alt=\"Closeup of Lemmy raising his left hand\" class=\"wp-image-34\" width=\"180\" height=\"113\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large has-custom-border\"><a href=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/15xb-map.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"596\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/15xb-map-1024x596.jpg\" alt=\"A map showing an ice sheet remaining over Scandinavia, next to a lake in what would be the present day Baltic Sea.\" class=\"wp-image-51\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/15xb-map-1024x596.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/15xb-map-300x175.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/15xb-map-768x447.jpg 768w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/15xb-map-1536x894.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/15xb-map.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00527e;color:#00527e\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:31px\"><strong>11,500-10,000 years ago<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:17px\">As the last remnants of the ice sheet melted, people migrated northwards. They travelled from what are Germany and Russia today. Excavations in the far north of Norway reveal Stone Age foragers and hunters well adapted to the environment.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large has-custom-border\"><a href=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/16x-menneskene_uten_tekst.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"739\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/16x-menneskene_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg\" alt=\"Humans sitting by a rock with carvings on and a map of Troms\u00f8\" class=\"wp-image-52\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/16x-menneskene_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/16x-menneskene_uten_tekst-300x217.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/16x-menneskene_uten_tekst-768x554.jpg 768w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/16x-menneskene_uten_tekst-1536x1109.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/16x-menneskene_uten_tekst.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00527e;color:#00527e\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:31px\"><strong>10,500 years ago<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:17px\">The forest land between Ireland and Britain was flooded to become the Irish Sea. This happened earlier than flooding of the English Channel, between Britain and Europe. For this reason, there are no snakes in Ireland, yet there are snakes in Britain. They could not cross the Irish Sea.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large has-custom-border\"><a href=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/17x-snakes_uten_tekst.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"739\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/17x-snakes_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg\" alt=\"Snakes looking worried wearing rubber rings, floating in the Irish Sea between Ireland and Grat Britain.\" class=\"wp-image-53\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/17x-snakes_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/17x-snakes_uten_tekst-300x217.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/17x-snakes_uten_tekst-768x554.jpg 768w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/17x-snakes_uten_tekst-1536x1109.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/17x-snakes_uten_tekst.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00527e;color:#00527e\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:31px\"><strong>8,200 years ago<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:17px\">As the pressure from the shrinking ice sheet lifted, the seabed \u2013 loaded with glacial sediments \u2013 became unstable. This led to a massive underwater landslide known as the Storegga Slide. It caused a 50-metre-high tsunami that flooded the Norwegian and British coastlines, as well as inundating the last remnants of Doggerland.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large has-custom-border\"><a href=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/18x-tsunami_uten_tekst.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"739\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/18x-tsunami_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg\" alt=\"A person standing on a raft caught in a turbulent tsunami.\" class=\"wp-image-54\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/18x-tsunami_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/18x-tsunami_uten_tekst-300x217.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/18x-tsunami_uten_tekst-768x554.jpg 768w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/18x-tsunami_uten_tekst-1536x1109.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/18x-tsunami_uten_tekst.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00527e;color:#00527e\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:31px\"><strong>8,000 years ago<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#00527e;font-size:17px\">The Giant Deer (<em>Megaloceros giganteu<\/em>) became extinct. With its enormous antlers, it was well adapted to life on open plains. However, once the climate warmed and the forests grew, the deer\u2019s antlers got stuck in the branches. They quickly became easy prey for predators, including humans.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large has-custom-border\"><a href=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/19x-giant_deer_uten_tekst.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"739\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/19x-giant_deer_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg\" alt=\"A Giant Deer with its antlers stuck inthe branches of two trees.\" class=\"wp-image-55\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/19x-giant_deer_uten_tekst-1024x739.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/19x-giant_deer_uten_tekst-300x217.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/19x-giant_deer_uten_tekst-768x554.jpg 768w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/19x-giant_deer_uten_tekst-1536x1109.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/19x-giant_deer_uten_tekst.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00527e;color:#00527e\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\" id=\"video\">VIDEO<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-vimeo wp-block-embed-vimeo wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"icemap_eng\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/254851241?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture; clipboard-write\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Watch how ice sheets came to dominate the Eurasian Arctic and northwest Europe during the end of the last ice age, before disappearing 10,000 years ago. As the ice sheets grew in volume, more and more water from the oceans became locked up as ice, thus lowering sea level and leaving parts of the present-day seabed exposed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"462\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/lenny-i-en-kajakk.jpg\" alt=\"Lemmy in a kayak on a wave\" class=\"wp-image-57\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/lenny-i-en-kajakk.jpg 800w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/lenny-i-en-kajakk-300x173.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/lenny-i-en-kajakk-768x444.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\">Today<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Ice Ages have come and gone for the past three million years, due mostly to changes in the Earth\u2019s tilt and orbit around the Sun. We are presently in an unusually long interglacial period: the Holocene. It has lasted over 10,000 years with a warm and stable climate highly favourable to the development of agriculture and civilisations.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\">Future<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">There are only two great ice sheets left on the planet today \u2013 in Antarctica and Greenland. But they are also now in retreat due to climate and ocean warming over the past century. Enhanced global temperatures and melting of ice across the Arctic, Antarctic and mountain regions is causing untold damage to the Earth\u2019s most sensitive environments and habitats.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\">Consequences<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Human emission of greenhouse gases through fossil fuel burning is dramatically warming the Earth\u2019s climate. These changes will continue to get worse if we don\u2019t find ways to limit our emissions and impact. Sea levels could rise by 10s of meters as the polar ice sheets retreat, flooding some of the most populated coastal areas and cities on the planet.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00527e;color:#00527e\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>CHECK OUT OUR INTERACTIVE ICEMAP!<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Do you live in an area once covered by ice? How cold was the ice age? Get hands-on with the ice sheet model and find out more details of how the environment in Europe changed during the last ice age.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-a89b3969 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/icemap.rhewlif.xyz\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Go to interactive map<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"558\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/icemap_rhewlif-1024x558.jpg\" alt=\"Screenshot of the interactive webpage showing how the Eurasian ice sheet grew and shrank during the Last Glacial Maximum\" class=\"wp-image-60\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/icemap_rhewlif-1024x558.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/icemap_rhewlif-300x164.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/icemap_rhewlif-768x419.jpg 768w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/icemap_rhewlif-1536x837.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/icemap_rhewlif.jpg 1858w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00527e;color:#00527e\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\">installation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/img_1280-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"The Icemap installation in Vitensenteret\" class=\"wp-image-83\" width=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/img_1280-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/img_1280-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/img_1280-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/img_1280-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/img_1280-2048x1536.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>ICEMAP is not only a digital experience. It is also an interactive installation, which holds a prominent position in the new Climate exhibition at Nordnorsk vitensenter in Troms\u00f8. There, children of all ages can learn about connections between climate, environment and humans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-a89b3969 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/nordnorsk.vitensenter.no\/nb\/utstillinga\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Read more<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#00527e;color:#00527e\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\" id=\"team\">THe ICEMAP Team<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-medium\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/sherpa_square-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"Henry Patton\" class=\"wp-image-64\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/sherpa_square-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/sherpa_square-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/sherpa_square-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/sherpa_square-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/sherpa_square-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/sherpa_square-2048x2048.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"text-transform:capitalize\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rhewlif.xyz\">Henry Patton<\/a><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Researcher CAGE<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>My research involves reconstructing the vast ice sheets that repeatedly covered Eurasia and the Arctic during past ice ages. Using geological clues left behind by the ice sheets, I use models to simulate how these ice masses evolved over many thousands of years, as well as how they interacted and affected the landscape and surrounding environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I have created the map visualizations for this project as well as the interactive map. The underlying Eurasian reconstruction found on these pages is based from a set of recently published peer-reviewed articles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-a89b3969 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-text-align-center wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9670-611X\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">View publications<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-medium\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/01_maja-sojtaric-e1518030159290-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"Maja Sojtaric\" class=\"wp-image-62\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/01_maja-sojtaric-e1518030159290-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/01_maja-sojtaric-e1518030159290-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/01_maja-sojtaric-e1518030159290.jpg 612w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"text-transform:capitalize\">Maja Sojtaric<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Science communicator CAGE<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Throughout my career, I have translated scientific research into a language that the general public can understand. Using my background literature studies, I have tackled many natural science disciplines and told the many stories found beneath the quantitative data. I am a project manager for ICEMAP and helped to develop the storyline and the framework around the data visualization and model reconstruction of the Eurasian ice sheet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-a89b3969 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-text-align-center wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/cage\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">View publications<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-medium\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/alun-hubbard_profile-e1518797271606-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"Prof. Alun Hubbard\" class=\"wp-image-63\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/alun-hubbard_profile-e1518797271606-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/alun-hubbard_profile-e1518797271606-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/503\/2023\/10\/alun-hubbard_profile-e1518797271606.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"text-transform:capitalize\">Alun Hubbard<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Glaciologist CAGE<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I\u2019ve spent much of my life wandering on and around today\u2019s great ice sheets \u2013 in Greenland, Antarctica, and many glaciers and ice caps in between. This fieldwork helps inform how these immense conveyors of ice flow, respond to climate and ocean variability, and sculpt the stunning landscapes they leave behind (as witnessed in Scandinavia, Britain and North America today).&nbsp;&nbsp;As well as providing new insights into how ice masses behave, these data are also used to train computer models to reconstruct past and future ice sheet evolution and contribution to global sea-level rise \u2013 such as the model that Henry and I developed for the Icemap simulation here.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-a89b3969 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-text-align-center wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Alun_Hubbard\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">View publications<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ICE AGE A giant ice sheet covered northern Europe during prehistoric times. In this Icemap story, we show you how this powerful mass of ice dramatically transformed Europe at a time when humans first came to populate the continent. Interact with the ice age simulation, follow how the ice sheet grew and melted, and see [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":123625,"featured_media":9,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Icemap - Icemap<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/site.uit.no\/icemap\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Icemap - Icemap\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"ICE AGE A giant ice sheet covered northern Europe during prehistoric times. 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