By Nathan Eastwood, Haeran Chung and Iuliia Samsonova 1. Introduction Do Articles 137 and 139 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) establish a universal legal regime governing all seabed mineral activities, irrespective of the regulatory framework under which they occur? This question has gained …
By: Gustavo Leite Neves da Luz Maritime regulation has traditionally organised the master’s authority around a physical place: the bridge. The IMO’s new International Code of Safety for Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS Code) unsettles that premise without displacing the office itself. It contemplates a human master located in a Remote Operations Centre (ROC), …
By Ekaterina Antsygina On 18 July 2026, the Seabed Disputes Chamber of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (Chamber) delivered its Order on the requests for the prescription of provisional measures in Nauru Ocean Resources Inc. v International Seabed Authority (Case No. 34) and Tonga Offshore Mining …
Author: Ekaterina Antsygina The International Seabed Authority (ISA) is considering whether to request an Advisory Opinion from the ITLOS Seabed Disputes Chamber in response to unilateral deep-sea mining activities in the Area. A note by the Secretary-General (ISBA/31/A/8), submitted to the 31st session of the Assembly, proposes a request under …
Author: Coalter Lathrop One emerging challenge to the rules-based international order is the exploration and exploitation of the mineral resources of the deep seabed pursuant, not to the approval of the International Seabed Authority (ISA), but to the unilateral authorization of a single state, in this case the United States …
On 18–19 November 2025, the Centre for International Law (CIL) at the National University of Singapore and the Norwegian Centre for the Law of the Sea (NCLOS) organized a closed-door dialogue on current issues and challenges in Arctic shipping, hosted by CIL in Singapore. The event was titled “Ecosystems, Security …
Prof. Robert Beckman, Senior Advisor, Ocean Law and Policy, Centre for International Law, National University of Singapore Bikashita Choudhury, Research Associate, Ocean Law and Policy, Centre for International Law, National University of Singapore CIL/NCLOS Dialogue Symposium Introduction One of the “unintended consequences” of the imposition of sanctions on the Russian …
Vito De Lucia, Professor and Director, Norwegian Centre for the Law of the Sea (NCLOS), Faculty of Law, UiT The Arctic University of Norway CIL/NCLOS Dialogue Symposium Introduction Arctic ecosystem governance can be fruitfully understood as a security concern, given the complex interplay between climate change, resource development, and geopolitical …
Jan Jakub Solski, Associate Professor, Norwegian Centre for the Law of the Sea (NCLOS), Faculty of Law, UiT The Arctic University of Norway CIL/NCLOS Dialogue Symposium Introduction Due to its geographic location, the Northern Sea Route (NSR) holds importance for both commercial and strategic reasons. While most media coverage periodically …
Amanda Wee, Research Assistant, Ocean Law and Policy, Centre for International Law, National University of Singapore Yulu Liu, Research Fellow, Ocean Law and Policy, Centre for International Law, National University of Singapore CIL/NCLOS Dialogue Symposium Introduction Shipping through the Arctic has increased by 40% between 2013 and 2025 due to …